Graduate study in Genetics and Plant Breeding in Brazil began in 1964, at ESALQ/USP, in Piracicaba (SP). In the following decades seven new programs were created, located in Viçosa (MG), Jaboticabal (SP), Lavras (MG), Florianópolis (SC), Maringá (PR), Recife (PE), and Campos de Goytacazes (RJ). As a result, there was a considerable increase in research in these areas, as well as an improvement in quality, with a large positive effect on Brazilian agribusiness. However, the number of programs is still small, with a heterogeneous distribution throughout the country, so that several regions and ecosystems are not being adequately contemplated. Considering that Brazil is a very large country and also the importance of its agriculture, stimulating the creation of new graduate programs in these areas is a very important initiative.