Environmental Education (EE), while an epistemological field, may assist to awake the comprehension of individuals’ role within the environment. In this work, we present the result of a partnership between the Professional Masters Studies in Science Teaching from the Federal University of Ouro Preto and the Prístino Institute, aiming to develop an EE textbook involving the canga ecosystem for teachers and students of the basic education. In Minas Gerais, ferruginous ecosystems – known as “Cangas” – present abiotic characteristics that resulted in one of the environments with higher plant endemism in Brazil. Acting as a water reservoir that supplies water sources of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, the Cangas are on the list of the most endangered ecosystems, especially by mining. This article provides concepts, peculiarities, importance, threats and challenges, in addition to fixation exercises and contextualized discussion being, therefore, a differentiated tool for Science teaching.