This study evaluates impacts on education indicators in the municipalities of the northern part of the state of Rio de Janeiro that receive high levels of funding due to the exploration and production of oil and gas. It is hypothesized that in several of these municipalities resources are not utilized for public policies, such as those pertaining to education. The methodology of this study uses an historical series of indicators of education and compares a group of municipalities with those in a control group, through logistic regressions. The results confirm the hypothesis that the budgetary advantages of the favored municipalities have not been reflected in improvements in education indicators.